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EXPAT FINANCIAL PLANNING NOTES
for
VARIOUS NATIONALITIES |
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It would be impracticable to provide detailed pages for each and every nationality.
In practice, apart from the sections on 'Taxation', the detailed information and suggestions given on the dedicated pages for British and Australian expatriates are broadly suitable for almost all other expatriates except for Americans who should take particular notice of the important information in the section for American Expatriates.
In particular, investment into offshore unit trusts and mutual funds is available to expatriates of all nationalities.
The notes below give brief details of tax implications for a number of nationalities. It will be appreciated that tax rules change and are often complicated. Anyone unsure of his tax position in relation to his home country should seek individual advice. |
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BELGIUM
Income tax is levied on the income of Belgian residents and on the Belgian sourced income of non-residents. Residents are people who live in Belgium or who maintain their principal wealth in Belgium.
Whilst abroad Belgians can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages.
As a non-resident of Belgium you are allowed under Belgian tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds.
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CANADA
Canadian expatriates must take great care to ensure that Revenue Canada classes them as non resident. Simply being out of the country for a long period may not be enough to acquire and maintain non resident status.
Revenue Canada regards anyone who is absent from Canada for 2 years or longer as non-resident provided he/she:
- Does not keep available for his use accommodation suitable for year round occupancy. An expatriate who wishes to retain possession of a house in Canada should make it the subject of a long term (i.e. one year or more) lease.
- Does not retain residential ties in the form of personal property (furniture, clothing, motor car, bank accounts, credit cards, etc.) or social ties (such as club or church membership) in Canada after departure.
- A married person who departs Canada but leaves spouse or depend-ants there will usually be classed as resident of Of Canada during his/her absence.
- Anyone who has established non-residency should take care not to spend more than 182 days in Cananda in any calendar year. Short visits will not affect residential status.
- Anyone classed as Canada resident is liable to Canadian tax on his/her world-wide income.
Returning to Canada after a period of non-residency
This is a tricky time. Returning expatriate are wise to seek advice beforehand. A wrong choice of date of return could be very costly. For instance, a returning expatriate whose spouse and/or children return before he or she does, perhaps for reasons connected with schooling, might well be regarded by Revenue Canada as resident in Canada from the date of arrival of his dependants. The tax consequences could be nasty.
An expatriate who has married a non Canadian whilst abroad and who has accumulated financial assets outside of Canada should consider establishing an offshore trust before return.
This will keep offshore assets tax free for 5 years - longer in certain circumstances.
Whilst abroad Canadians can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages.
How Canadian expatriates can buy Life Assurance at HALF PRICE
During a period of non residency is a great time for a Canadian to buy life assurance. Suppose he/she expects to be abroad for 5 or more years; let's say 8 years.
We can arrange a first class policy with one of the world's biggest insurers into which you make payments for your chosen period - in this case probably 8 years. After that, you pay nothing but the life insurance stays in place until you die or surrender for cash.
The benefit is that you have bought your lifetime life insurance with dollars on which you have not paid Canadian income tax. A policy bought as a resident of Canada would be bought with after tax dollars.
So with a Canadian tax rate of about 50% you have effectively bought your life cover for half price.
For more information please use our 'Send us Your Query' form or click HERE |
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DENMARK
Danish expatriates can take advantage of the offshore investments featured on our other pages.
However, on return to Denmark offshore plans will have no tax sheltering or tax mitigation, indeed their may be tax penalties unless the investment is sold before return. So, Danish expatriates should take care to time their input to offshore investments in accord with their intended time of return home.
As a non-resident of Denmark you are allowed under Danish tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds. |
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FRANCE
Persons of any nationality are considered resident in France for tax purposes if their home or principle place of abode, professional activity or "center of economic interests" is in France.
Non-residence is based on a person not being resident in France for 183 days in a tax year.
Whilst abroad French expatriates can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages. However, the complications of French tax rules are such that it may be best to encash offshore investments before resuming residency in France.
As a non-resident of France you are allowed under French tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds. |
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GERMANY
For tax purposes an individual is considered to be resident in Germany if they have their regular place of abode there or are present in Germany for an uninterrupted period of 6 months. This six-month period may fall into two calendar years.
It is possible for a German expatriate to invest into offshore tax-free funds and receive the proceeds of their investment totally tax-free even if they then are permanently resident in Germany.
The method is by making regular savings via an offshore but German Authorized insurance company as opposed to one not authorised in Germany. The plan must be in place for a minimum of 12 years, level contributions must have been maintained for at least 5 years, and a certain amount of life insurance must be included.
After 12 years the plan can remain paid up, still enjoy tax-free growth and remain completely tax sheltered for up to another 5 years.
In addition, German expatriates can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages.
As a non-resident of Germany you are allowed under German tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds. |
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REPUBLIC of IRELAND
Tax rules in the Irish Republic affecting the expatriate are similar to the U.K. rules. Like U.K., Ireland has the category of 'Ordinarily Resident' as well as 'Resident'.
A resident is anyone who spends more than 183 days in any tax year in Ireland or spends during the tax year under review and the preceding tax year for 280 or more days in aggregate Ireland with the intention of residing in the country.
A major difference from U.K. practice is that the Irish tax year is now the same as a calendar year.
Income Tax
If you have been resident in Ireland and left to reside overseas you will be regarded as Non-Resident in Ireland from the time of your departure.
But if, as is likely, you were also Oridinarily Resident in Ireland you will remain classed as Ordinarily Resident until you have been abroad for 3 consecutive tax years. Ordinary Residence in Ireland means you will be taxable as though still resident in Ireland.
Sounds bad but fortunately there is a lot of relief. Income is excluded from Irish tax if it arises from:
- A trade or profession which is not carried on in Ireland
- An office or employment all of the duties of which are performed outside Ireland.
- Other foreign sources which do not exceed ¤3,810 per year.
- Once you are both Non-Resident and Non-Ordinarily Resident in Ireland will normally only be liable for Irish income tax on income that arises in Ireland .
- If you leave Ireland with the intention of not again becoming resident during the following year you are not liable for tax on income earned after departure.
Typically, you will have been paying tax eacxh month at the rate appropriate for your expected earnings in Ireland for the full year. Since your earnings from work in Ireland will be less than anticipated you will almost certainly be entitled to a tax rebate and should make arequest for it.
Withholding Tax
Should you retain a bank account in Ireland on which interest is paid you can haved that interest paid gross, i.e. without the normal withholding tax, by informing your bank that you are no longer resident in Ireland.
Capital Gains Tax
So long as you are Ordinarily Resident in Ireland, i.e. for the first three years of Non Residency, you remain subject to Irish capital gains tax on chargeable gains arising on the disposal of assets wherever situated, subject to any relief under a tax treaty.
Once you are no longer Oridinarily Resident in Ireland you have acapital gains tax liability only on the sale of Land and Buildings in Ireland, a business there.or certain dlasses of unquoted shares.
Inheritance/Gift Tax
Capital Acquisitions Tax (CAT) is a capital tax charged on gifts and inheritances. In broad terms full worldwide liability exists during the first 5 years of non residency after which the tax would apply only to assets in Ireland. The rules are complex and specialised advice should be sought.
Savings and Investments
Whilst abroad Irish expatriates can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages. However, becoming again resident and/or ordinarily resident in Ireland will give rise to a capital gains tax liability in the Republic of Ireland.
That liability is usually best avoided by encashing investments before the beginning of the year in which you plan to become resident in Ireland.
Since that may not always be convenient we can, instead, arrange to transfer certain offshore investment plans to Irish Life which is authorised to transact business in Ireland.
Contributions can then continue under normal Irish rules. This also must be done before the beginning of the tax year of return and will avoid the capital gains tax penalty mentioned above.
As a non-resident of the Irish Republic you are allowed under Irish tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds and from the discounts available via John Jenner International.
However, you should consult us on the tax implications of holding some offshore securities if you return to live in Ireland.
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ITALY
A person is considered resident in Italy if for income tax purposes if he/she is registered at the Office of Records of the Resident Population or has a habitual abode in Italy or if his/her vital interests are within Italy for the greater part of the tax period.
As a non-resident of Italy you are allowed under Italian tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds. |
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JAPAN
Japanese expatriates, working abroad are classified into resident and non-resident. Upon departure from Japan, if it is obvious that they will work abroad continuously for more than one year they are immediately deemed non-resident. A non-resident is subject to Japanese income tax solely on income arising in Japan.
Whilst abroad Japanese expatriates can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages.
This often very attractive to Japanese expatriates because of the generally very low interest rates available in Japan. |
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NEW ZEALAND
Most expatriates are in the fortunate position of having more disposable income than their stay-at-home friends and colleagues. It makes good sense to direct some of that disposable income to an organised savings programme so that in the future you will enjoy the financial benefits that you worked for overseas.
As an New Zealander not resident in New Zealand you have a wonderful opportunity legally to put your savings to good use in a largely tax free offshore environment.
NEW ZEALAND DOLLAR DEPOSITS
10.75 % p.a. on deposits of NZD70,000 or more.
LM Investment Management International Limited of Australia
LM Currency Protected Deposits.
Click HERE for more information
For tax purposes you are a resident of New Zealand if you are in New Zealand for more than 183 days in any 12 month period or if you have an 'enduring relationship with New Zealand or you are away from New Zealand in the service of the New Zealand government.
You have an 'enduring relationship' with New Zealand if you have a permanent place of abode there. A permanent place of abode does not mean just the building in which you live. It covers all ties and links. These may be social, physical, economic, financial or personal.
If you qualify as non-resident you are liable to New Zealand tax only on income arising in N.Z
Whilst abroad, non residents of New Zealand can receive tax free roll up of gains on the offshore funds or life policies featured on our other pages. On return to New Zealand any offshore holdings will become taxable under the Foreign Investment Fund (FIF) rules unless their total value is less than NZ$50,000.
The FIF rules are complex and offer taxation choices. Advice should be sought when returning to New Zealand
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REPUBLIC of SOUTH AFRICA
South African tax law defines a ’resident’ as someone whose permanent home to which he/she will return is in South Africa.
A tax resident is someone who is present in South Africa for more than 183 consecutive days.
Thus, South Africans traveling or employed abroad with the intention of eventually returning home will remain technically resident but will not be liable to South African tax except on any earnings that arise in South Africa. Unless:
- They fall within the above 183 days rule
- They spend more than 91 days per year for four consecutive tax years in South Africa and were present in South Africa for an average of 183 days per year during the first 3 of those 4 years.
To sum up; almost all South Africans on medium to long term contracts abroad will not be liable to tax on income earned abroad but contractors, consultants or similar on short term assignments overseas will have to pay South African tax on remuneration earned abroad.
As a non–tax-resident of the Republic of South Africa you are allowed under South African tax rules to take full advantage of the tax-free growth of offshore investment funds and from the discounts available via John Jenner International.
However, you should seek advice on the tax implications of holding some offshore securities if you return to live in South Africa
SOUTH AFRICAN RAND DEPOSITS
13.25 % p.a. on deposits of ZAR 100,000 or more.
LM Investment Management International Limited of Australia
LM Currency Protected Deposits.
Click HERE for more information |
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